How will China face the fourth industrial revolution
In the face of the fourth industrial revolution, there is still a lot of preparation for China. Although China has many advantages, such as large reserves of engineering and technology, large domestic market, good economic growth and high savings rate, it is also a worry that the system will become the shackles of innovation. If Chinese can appropriate advance in consciousness, in the system improvement are improved, to keep an open mind in the relevant legal issues, let go a little more rather, there is a problem and then modify, also do not have a closed mind rather slow not wrong, it will likely become this round of revolutionary leader.
Unlike in previous years, the 2016 Davos world economic forum annual winter meeting theme extremely focused, that is the fourth industrial revolution. Many participants said that in previous years the theme is mostly conceptual, somewhat erratic, some even with means of philosophy, and this annual meeting theme than any previous session is focused and specific. So, what will the fourth industrial revolution bring to China? Will China be the victim of the fourth industrial revolution?
China did not catch up with the first three industrial revolutions
What is the fourth industrial revolution? According to the definition of the world economic forum founder professor Schwab, the four industrial revolution can be divided as follows: the first industrial revolution began in 1775 second watt steam machine, at the end of the nineteenth Century revolution began in electrification, third times in 50s of the last century the computer revolution, and the fourth industrial revolution that is including the human health and life style to bring manufacturing innovation bring computer caused by the popularity of information technology, 3D printing and other new technology of robot and life science and technology change a comprehensive revolution in the.
Professor Schwab believes that the industrial revolution will bring more profound changes than the previous three revolutions. Participants of the world economic forum, Professor Schwab stressed that the previous industrial revolution of the train down a considerable number of global passengers, if there is still 17% of the population in the world has yet to enjoy the benefits of the first industrial revolution; and the computer application as a symbol of the third industrial revolution is still falling global half of the population, and their computer internet etc. there is no association. There is no doubt that there will be new winners and losers in the fourth industrial revolution. This train is likely to drop more passengers than the previous three industrial revolution.
Many countries will not be able to catch up to the fourth industrial revolution
So, aspiring to achieve the modernization of China will miss the fourth industrial revolution? We will be the fourth industrial revolution is forgotten? Can we take this round of revolution of the train, so as to realize the industrial modernization? This is not a problem since a virtual look, uh, this is even a serious issue.
Three times before the industrial revolution, Chinese didn't catch up, at least half a beat slower than the rest of the world. Among them, the industrial revolution get in behind the embarrassing situation Chinese before two times; the third industrial revolution China early awakening, DJS-130 was the first computer China developed basic synchronization with the Japanese developed computer, but in the early reform and opening up, China in computer hardware and software is fully behind the. We were only on the second half of the third industrial revolution train, not the fastest passenger on the fast train.
China's three major elements of participation in the fourth industrial revolution
For the fourth industrial revolution, we must first have a certain amount of air and confidence, of which there are at least three reasons.
First, the rapid development of China's education since the reform and opening up. The gross enrollment rate of higher education in China was only 2% in the early 80s of last century, but it has reached 40% by 2015. It has reached 52% among the top provinces in Jilin. For a country whose per capita GDP is only 1/5, especially considering that the drop out rate of Chinese college students is much lower than that of the US 25%, this is a rare achievement. What is particularly noteworthy is that in China, about 1 million of the 7 million college graduates come from natural science disciplines each year, while engineering graduates account for at least 30%. At the same time, China's science and engineering education is far more systematic and rigorous than other countries in the world, especially the developed countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom. In the developed countries such as Britain and America, general education is the main part of undergraduate education, and the basic training of students in engineering technology is far less than that of China. And Chinese engineering graduates, basically, have the ability to directly participate in engineering technology. China has a large reserve of engineers and technicians, which is the most basic capital we can build on the fourth industrial revolution.
Moreover, in recent years, China industry has made remarkable progress in several areas, in high-speed rail, construction equipment, communications, drones and other aspects, there is no doubt that China not only entered the world's first camp, even in the first camp, achieved a leading position. We can confidently say that in the next 5-10 years, China is expected to make some breakthroughs in military, civil aircraft engines and airliner. The rapid development of science and technology and industry in China is also reflected in the number of patents applied every year, and the number and quantity of papers published in engineering and natural science all enter the world's first camp.
Second, China still has a huge market. Among them, the scale of China's automobile, high-speed rail, UHV, power transmission and transformation, power generation and other markets ranks the top in the world, and civil aviation will also become the world's first in the near future. These huge markets have created unprecedented advantages for China to participate in the fourth industrial revolution. Because of the huge market, Chinese standards can be made, and standard makers tend to take an important advantage in technological breakthroughs and industrialization. At the same time, the huge market will also give birth to large companies, such as HUAWEI and Sany, which are the largest companies in the world's first camps in the industry. Large companies have strong financial support and R & D capabilities, and have great advantages in the fourth industrial revolution.
Third, China's economy is still in a good and fast growth momentum, which is in sharp contrast with the general decline of other countries' economy. China's economic growth is still above 6%. Even though some difficulties have been encountered at present, the growth rate of the value added of high-tech industry is still higher than that of the whole economy. Closely related to this is that China is still the highest in the world economy, savings rate, announced a savings rate of around 45%, of course, this data has some overvalued, according to my research, the national savings rate is about 38% China, this is still in the global scope of a very high number. In 2013, the US national savings rate was only 17.6%, and Japan was 21.8% (the US and Japan data came from the world bank WDI database). China is a rare economy with huge savings. And capital is the boost of science and technology to the power of enterprise development, with this powerful booster, any technology will be able to get to the ground quickly.
Cramming short board: appropriate advance in the control system of innovation should be improved, leading to open
Despite the above three important advantages, we must also see that in the face of the fourth industrial revolution, China's biggest short board is also most worrying about whether our system will restrict the ability of innovation. The fourth industrial revolution will bring great impact to the existing system. If the system is not improved, it will become the shackles of the fourth industrial revolution.
In the fourth industrial revolution related legal issues, we should hold an open mind. In some areas, we need to open a window for new technologies, so that leaders can constantly explore and innovate. Chinese should not only be a free rider of the fourth industrial revolution, should become a leader, which requires us to innovate in the system, leading to; a little more courageous, let go a little more rather, there is a problem and then modify, never have rather slow or wrong closed mentality.
The fourth industrial revolution was a new wave. In this process, China should never be reduced to a backwardness.
